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Pennsylvania Bullying
Prevention Toolkit

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  • Best Practices
  • Toolkit
    • What is Bullying?
      • What is bullying?
      • Bullying and conflict
      • Why should I be concerned about bullying?
      • The Role of Bystanders
    • Why Do Kids Bully?
      • Why do kids bully?
      • When Bullying Crosses the Line
      • What can be done to prevent bullying?
      • What strategies do kids find most helpful?
    • The Role of Adults
      • The Role of Adults
      • Tips for parents of children who bully others
      • Tips for parents of children who are bullied at school
      • Tips for parents of children who witness bullying
    • The Role of Educators
      • The Role of Educators
      • The role of health care providers
      • Addressing Cyberbullying at Home
      • What should schools do to address cyberbullying?
    • References
  • About
    • About the Toolkit
    • Center for Safe Schools
    • The Highmark Foundation
  • Resources
    • Publications, Websites and Organizations
    • Referral Protocol for Suspected Bullying
    • Sample Letter to Schools
  • Care. Connect. Champion.
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Pennsylvania Bullying
Prevention Toolkit

  • Best Practices
  • Toolkit
    • What is Bullying?
      • What is bullying?
      • Bullying and conflict
      • Why should I be concerned about bullying?
      • The Role of Bystanders
    • Why Do Kids Bully?
      • Why do kids bully?
      • When Bullying Crosses the Line
      • What can be done to prevent bullying?
      • What strategies do kids find most helpful?
    • The Role of Adults
      • The Role of Adults
      • Tips for parents of children who bully others
      • Tips for parents of children who are bullied at school
      • Tips for parents of children who witness bullying
    • The Role of Educators
      • The Role of Educators
      • The role of health care providers
      • Addressing Cyberbullying at Home
      • What should schools do to address cyberbullying?
    • References
  • About
    • About the Toolkit
    • Center for Safe Schools
    • The Highmark Foundation
  • Resources
    • Publications, Websites and Organizations
    • Referral Protocol for Suspected Bullying
    • Sample Letter to Schools
  • Care. Connect. Champion.
Toolkit
Section 2

Bullying and Conflict

It is not appropriate to characterize all aggressive behavior as bullying.15-16

At times, students will engage in rough play. This type of play may appear aggressive. However, it serves to reinforce positive relationships and occurs among peers of equal standing. Conflict, in contrast, is motivated by negative intent and takes place between students of relatively equal power or social standing. When rough play or conflict scenarios involve groups of students targeting a single student, the situation can easily escalate into bullying.

Because a power imbalance exists in bullying situations, it is usually inappropriate to use conflict resolution strategies to resolve bullying situations. This is because these strategies often assume that both parties are at fault or compromise is warranted. In general, mediation is not recommended in cases of bullying.

Children who are bullied cannot stop the bullying on their own. Bullied students need the support of others to ensure that the bullying does not continue.4,16

Determining Rough Play, Real Fighting or Bullying

  • What are the expressions?
  • Are they known to be friends?
  • What happened here?
  • What happened before that?
ROUGH PLAY REAL FIGHTING BULLYING
Usually friends Usually not friends Typically not friends
Often repeated (same players) Typically not repeated Generally repeated
Relatively equal balance of power Relatively equal balance of power Unequal balance of power
No intent to harm Intentional harm-doing Intentional harm-doing
Mood is friendly Mood is negative, aggressive or tense Mood is negative
Mutual positive feelings Mutual hostile feelings Different feelings (mood/responsive) for victim and aggressor
  • What is Bullying?
    • What is bullying?
    • Bullying and conflict
    • Why should I be concerned about bullying?
    • The Role of Bystanders
  • Why Do Kids Bully?
    • Why do kids bully?
    • When Bullying Crosses the Line
    • What can be done to prevent bullying?
    • What strategies do kids find most helpful?
  • The Role of Adults
    • The Role of Adults
    • Tips for parents of children who bully others
    • Tips for parents of children who are bullied at school
    • Tips for parents of children who witness bullying
  • The Role of Educators
    • The Role of Educators
    • The role of health care providers
    • Addressing Cyberbullying at Home
    • What should schools do to address cyberbullying?
  • References
Section 2

Resource

Establishing a Restorative Mindset: Considerations for Adults in Schools

  • What is Bullying?
    • What is bullying?
    • Bullying and conflict
    • Why should I be concerned about bullying?
    • The Role of Bystanders
  • Why Do Kids Bully?
    • Why do kids bully?
    • When Bullying Crosses the Line
    • What can be done to prevent bullying?
    • What strategies do kids find most helpful?
  • The Role of Adults
    • The Role of Adults
    • Tips for parents of children who bully others
    • Tips for parents of children who are bullied at school
    • Tips for parents of children who witness bullying
  • The Role of Educators
    • The Role of Educators
    • The role of health care providers
    • Addressing Cyberbullying at Home
    • What should schools do to address cyberbullying?
  • References
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